Japn 131 Ch. 4
きょう は なん ようび ですか。
Mid-Semester Day に なにを しますか。Or,
こんしゅうの しゅうまつ なにを しますか。
Vocab Review:
えんぴつ
けしゴム
ペン
(ボール)ペン
ノート
きょうかしょ= textbook
じしょ= dictionary
かばん
Review Grammar I, Act. 3 (140)
これ それ あれ は X ですか
Is This/That/That thing over there ____?
Grammar II:
Asking for and Giving LOCATIONS using
〜は 〜に あります
And we also add in more KO SO AA DO
ここ、そこ、あそこ どこ
きのう (Yesterday) We had
これ それ あれ
This Thing, That thing, That Thing Over There
And the Question word
どれ？ = Which Thing?
Now we add,
ここ そこ あそこ
Here/In this place /There, That Place/ Over there/
And the Question Word,
どこ？ = Where?
The purpose of these expressions is to indicate Location, e.g.,
そこ に ぎんこう が あります.
In that place, there is a bank.
NOTE how あります sentences are "there is" sentences v. です sentences which are IS sentences
たなかさん は 学生 です = Ms Tanaka IS a student
X は Y です
Back to そこ に ぎんこう が あります
In the Dialogue, in Place of そこ に
we saw
このへん に (In this vicinity) Something が あります but it is still the same pattern
So, this is one of TWO patterns we will learn in L4:
--This first one, with the Location coming first, emphasises WHERE something is:
In some Location に Something が あります
--We also have a second pattern:
ぎんこう は そこに あります。
As for the Bank, it is located there.
In this pattern, the THING or PERSON we are talking about, what comes before the は, appears first, then it is Situated or Located with the verb of Existence/Location あります／います.
NOTE: If we add PEOPLE or PETS into the mix, we have to use a different but related verb います.
So, how about
テレビ は あそこ に あります.
As for the TV, it is over there.
If we use this Loc に あります pattern in a question, we would use the
どこ word + に :
ぎんこうは どこ に ありますか
= Where is the Bank?
A reliable way to respond is to retain the
に あります structure
and just put the Location in FRONT of the
に あります ---> LOC に あります.
e.g.:
そこ に あります. = It's (located) there.
テレビ は どこ に ありますか. Where is the TV?
あそこ に あります. = It's (located) over there.
So, います is the Location/Existence verb for PEOPLE.
v.
あります which can only be used only for INANIMATE OBJECTS or Things
So, if います is used for living things, for people and animals, pets, how do we say,
X-さん is here:
X-さんは ここに います。Or,
In this Loc/place, X−さん exists
Or, also,
ここに X−さんが います.
In this Location, X-san is there
Or,
あそこに いぬが います =
[In that Loc] Over there, there is a dog.
Or, making the Person or Pet the Topic,
Some Person/Pet は Some Loc に います.
ねこは そこに います = The Cat is there. OR,
v.
そこに ねこが います =
In that Location, there is a cat.
スミスさん は そこ に います= Smith-san is there.
たなかさん は ここに います = Tanaka-san is here.
Who is there (in that location)?
そこに だれが いますか。
Answer, Some Person が います。
あります and います are verbs of EXISTENCE (there is) or LOCATION so they are about WHERE something or someone is.
The LOCATION is followed by に
As Nakama explains in the Notes on p. 143,
You cannot use で in this structure because で indicates a location at which an Event or Activity (を-Verb action) takes place. When you are merely asking or indicating the LOCATION of a building or object, no activity is implied.
No event or action means no で!
QUESTION:
Where is something (X)? =
X は どこに ありますか。
ANSWER: そこに あります. It is there. or,
UC に あります. It is in the UC.
Q. 学生 A は どこに いますか。Where is student A?
A. としょかん に います。S/he is in the Library.
ビストロ に います S/he is in the Bistro.
Let's Practice:
Where is it?
ノート
くろい ノート
TV (テレビ)
けしゴム
じしょ
あかい じしょ
きいろい じしょ
えんぴつ
あかい えんぴつ
きょうかしょ (textbook)
カメラ
オレンジ
Thorsett 先生
ペン
あおい ペン
あかい ペン
くろい ペン
くろい でんわ
いぬ
ねこ
ほん
ちゅうごくご の ほん
ざっし
しんぶん(newspaper)
CD
スパゲッティ
そば
Or, around here...この へん に
ゆうびんきょく (P.O.)
えき
ぎんこう
ビストロ
としょかん
びょういん
ラムパブ(Ram Pub)
Instructions